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Let us say you had one legit $20 and one really good photocopy of the same $20. If someone were to try to spend both the true bill and the imitation one, someone that took the problem of looking at both of those bills' serial numbers would observe that they were the exact same number, and thus one of them had to be false.

That isn't a perfect analogy--we'll explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has confirmed 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was set by Satoshi Nakamoto, and is an issue of controversy, as some miners believe the block size should be increased to accommodate more information.

Note that I stated that verifying 1 MB worth of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will get paid out.

1MB of transactions can technically be small as 1 transaction (though this is not in any way common) or several thousand. It depends on how much data the transactions take up.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to fulfill two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You must be the first miner to reach the right answer to a numeric problem. This practice is also known as an evidence of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You might have heard that miners are solving difficult mathematical problems--that is not true at all. What they're doing is trying to be the first miner to think of a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  that is less than or equal to the target hash.

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The bad news: Because it's guesswork, you need a good deal of computing power in order to get there . To mine , you need to have a high"hash speed," which is measured in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate just how much Bitcoin you can mine along with your mining rig's hash pace, the website Cryptocompare provides a very helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands.  Some miners--especially Ethereum miners--buy individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a low-cost way to cobble together mining operations.  The photo below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine.  The graphics cards are such rectangular cubes with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards to the metal pole.

Example: I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they simply must be the very first person to guess any number that is less than or equal to the number I'm thinking of.

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Let's say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they shed because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There's no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was nearer to the target answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin terms, simultaneous answers happen frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented that are equal to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will determine by find here a simple majority--51%--that miner to honour. Typically, it is the miner that find more information has done the most work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block." .

Now imagine I pose the"figure what number I am thinking of" question, but I am not asking only 3 friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I am asking millions of would-be miners and I'm thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be quite hard to guess the right answer.

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The number preceding has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you probably noticed, that number consists not only of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let's unpack the term"hexadecimal."

As you know, we utilize the"decimal" system, which means it is base 10. This in turn means that each and every digit has 10 chances, 0-9.